Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:XSummary
CVE-2020-37104 is a high-severity Insertion of Sensitive Information into Externally-Accessible File or Directory (CWE-538) vulnerability in Inextrix Astpp. Its CVSS base score is 8.7 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 44th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and SC-14 (Public Access Protections) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
ASTPP 4.0.1, a VoIP billing software, is affected by CVE-2020-37104, an information disclosure vulnerability rated at CVSS 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) and mapped to CWE-538. The flaw enables unauthenticated attackers to download database backup files from the /database_backup/ directory by predicting backup filename patterns, which incorporate 6-digit PIN combinations.
Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no privileges required. By generating a list of possible 6-digit PINs and fuzzing the backup download URL, they can exfiltrate sensitive database information contained in the backups.
Advisories and references, including those from Vulncheck and Exploit-DB, detail the issue and provide exploit code demonstrating the attack. Security practitioners should consult the ASTPP GitHub repository and official site for any available patches or configuration guidance to mitigate exposure of the /database_backup/ directory.
A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available on Exploit-DB, indicating potential for real-world abuse against unpatched ASTPP 4.0.1 deployments.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2020-31179
Vulnerability Data
ASTPP 4.0.1 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download database backup files by predicting backup filename patterns. Attackers can generate a list of 6-digit PIN combinations and fuzz the backup download URL to exfiltrate sensitive database…
more
information from the /database_backup/ directory.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Direct unauthenticated exploitation of public-facing web app for DB backup file access enables T1190; resulting exfiltration of local system data enables T1005.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
V14.1.2V14.2.8
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly limits and documents permitted actions without identification or authentication, preventing unauthenticated attackers from downloading sensitive database backup files via predictable URLs.
Provides specific protections for publicly accessible system resources and information, mitigating unauthorized access to the exposed /database_backup/ directory containing sensitive data.
Monitors and controls communications at external boundaries, blocking unauthenticated remote access and fuzzing attempts against predictable backup filenames in the web directory.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Least-privilege file and directory permissions directly prevent unauthorized actors from reading sensitive data placed in accessible locations.
Protecting data-at-rest encompasses file-level access controls and encryption that stop exposure of sensitive information in externally reachable paths.
Hardened configuration baselines and ongoing config management reduce the chance that sensitive data is written to world-readable files or directories.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
By ensuring that only the minimum necessary data is present in files or directories that may be reachable by external parties, the control lowers the impact of any subsequent exposure.
Requiring visible or metadata labels on classified information helps ensure that files placed in externally accessible locations still carry an explicit sensitivity marker, lowering the likelihood of unnoticed exposure.
The control’s requirement to remove or securely destroy information stored in externally accessible locations reduces the risk of sensitive data being left in files or directories that external parties can reach.
Logging disposals, selecting vetted external disposal services, and protecting media according to classification reduce the likelihood that sensitive information ends up in externally accessible files or directories.
Verifying and sanitizing equipment prior to disposal or resale prevents sensitive files or directories from remaining accessible to external parties who later obtain the hardware.