Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-28266

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 r2

Memory Safety
Published
11 April 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.044 90th percentile
Risk Priority 50 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-28266 is a medium-severity Buffer Over-read (CWE-126) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 5.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique OS Credential Dumping (T1003); ranked in the top 10% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is an information disclosure flaw in the Windows Common Log File System Driver, tracked as CVE-2023-28266 with a CVSS v3.1 score of 5.5. It stems from improper handling that can expose sensitive data and is associated with CWE-126.

A local attacker with low privileges can exploit the issue without user interaction to read arbitrary information from the affected driver. The attack requires local access and does not impact integrity or availability.

Microsoft has published guidance for the vulnerability in its Security Response Center update guide, including details on available patches and mitigations for supported Windows versions. The associated EPSS score reached a peak of 0.0633 before receding to its current value of 0.0228.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Windows Common Log File System Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability

CWE(s)
CWE-126NVD-CWE-noinfo

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1003 OS Credential Dumping Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-24942Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-28267Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-33173Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-38172Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-24883Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-33169Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-33167Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-38144Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-24901Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2023-33172Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.19869
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.5850
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.4252
microsoft
windows 10 20h2
≤ 10.0.19042.2846
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.2846
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.2846
microsoft
windows 11 21h2
≤ 10.0.22000.1817
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.1555
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+3 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly prevent introduction of buffer over-read weaknesses.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover buffer over-read flaws via scanning or review.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software removes known instances of buffer over-read bugs.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development can detect buffer over-reads before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and bounds checking that can prevent buffer over-reads.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can specify buffer-size and bounds-checking rules.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety and bounds-checking design choices.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly require bounds-checked buffer access, mitigating over-reads.

References