Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-36810

DoS in Pypdf Project Pypdf ≤ 1.27.8

Public PoCDoS
Published
30 June 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0063 47th percentile
Risk Priority 49 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-36810 is a medium-severity Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity (CWE-407) vulnerability in Pypdf Project Pypdf. Its CVSS base score is 6.2 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Endpoint Denial of Service (T1499); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

pypdf is a pure-python PDF library capable of splitting, merging, cropping, and transforming the pages of PDF files. An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to unexpected long runtime. This quadratic runtime blocks the current…

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process and can utilize a single core of the CPU by 100%. It does not affect memory usage. This issue has been addressed in PR 808 and versions from 1.27.9 include this fix. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood Impact
Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-49460Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-28804Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-41313Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2025-62707Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-41168Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-41312Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-40260Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-41314Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2026-59938Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf
CVE-2025-62708Same product: Pypdf Project Pypdf

Affected Assets

pypdf project
pypdf
≤ 1.27.8

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.9

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-407

Addresses inefficient algorithms whose complexity can be exploited for DoS.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (code review, complexity analysis, safe algorithm selection) prevent introduction of exploitable worst-case behavior.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and resources can detect the performance impact of triggered worst-case complexity.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying and recording algorithmic-complexity vulnerabilities directly addresses the root cause before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can uncover performance issues stemming from algorithmic complexity.

mitigates

Redundancy of processing facilities can absorb resource exhaustion from inefficient algorithms.

finds

Monitoring activities can identify anomalous resource consumption indicative of algorithmic complexity attacks.

prevents

Secure development life cycle includes design reviews that can catch inefficient algorithms before deployment.

prevents

Secure system architecture principles encourage selection of algorithms with acceptable worst-case complexity.

prevents

Secure coding practices can include guidelines to avoid or mitigate inefficient algorithms.

References