CVE-2023-48256
Bosch Nexo-Os 1000 – 1500-sp2
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:LCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-48256 is a medium-severity HTTP Request/Response Splitting (CWE-113) vulnerability in Bosch Nexo-Os. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Protocol or Service Impersonation (T1001.003); ranked at the 21th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-52325
Vulnerability Data
The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP response headers or manipulate HTTP response bodies inside a victim’s session via a crafted URL or HTTP request.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V3.4.2V4.1.3V1.3.6V4.2.3
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation can discover cases where two products interpret the same inputs or state transitions differently.
Input validation stops unneutralized CR/LF characters from being accepted and later emitted in HTTP headers.
Output filtering can neutralize CRLF sequences before they reach HTTP response headers.
Applying security engineering principles during design can require unambiguous protocol and data-format specifications that eliminate divergent interpretations between products.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure SDLC practices directly require input sanitization and header handling that prevent CRLF injection.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
A.8.25 mandates secure SDLC practices including secure coding guidelines, security requirements, checkpoints, testing (scans/penetration), and developer training that reach HTTP header sanitization and therefore stop most (but not all) instances of CRLF injection from reaching production; a bounded remainder exists in implementation gaps, outsourced development without full assurance, and post-deployment changes.
A.8.26 explicitly lists resilience against SQL injections and input validation as application security requirements (items d and j), which directly addresses improper neutralization of special sequences like CRLF in HTTP headers; however, this is only one slice of a broad requirements-identification control whose coverage of other injection vectors, output handling, and non-web contexts leaves a bounded remainder.
A.8.27 mandates security-by-design principles (including input distrust, data validation/sanitization, secure architecture layers, and design reviews against attack patterns) that reach HTTP header sanitization and would stop most CRLF splitting if applied; this is a minority slice of the weakness because the clause is a general process that depends on specific implementation rigor and does not itself neutralize sequences in every code path or library.
Secure coding standards require neutralization of CRLF sequences before inclusion in HTTP headers.
Hardening callouts derived
DISA STIG baselines are authored against specific weaknesses. Where this CVE cites a broad weakness class, the mapping is not asserted at that abstraction (owner ruling, 2026-09-25: grade only at Base and below), so no rule is shown here rather than a rule shown against the wrong grain.
- No fine-grained STIG row for CWE-436, a class-level weakness, and none of its children carries one either.