Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-1874

Php 8.1.0 – 8.1.28

Public PoC
Published
29 April 2024
Modified
04 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
EPSS Score 0.33 98th percentile
Risk Priority 93 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2024-1874 is a critical-severity Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output (CWE-116) vulnerability in Php Php. Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Content Injection (T1659); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-1874 is a command-injection vulnerability in PHP's proc_open() function when invoked with array syntax on Windows. It affects PHP 8.1 before 8.1.28, 8.2 before 8.2.18, and 8.3 before 8.3.5, and stems from insufficient escaping of user-supplied arguments passed to the Windows command shell (CWE-116). The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.4.

An unauthenticated remote attacker who can influence the argument array supplied to proc_open() can inject additional shell commands, resulting in arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the PHP process. Successful exploitation grants the attacker the ability to read, modify, or delete data and, in many cases, to fully compromise the host.

Official advisories from the PHP project and downstream distributions such as Fedora direct users to upgrade immediately to the fixed releases (8.1.28, 8.2.18, or 8.3.5). The GitHub Security Advisory and oss-security postings contain the corresponding patches and back-port information.

The EPSS score for this CVE stands at 0.6857 with no material increase after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

In PHP versions 8.1.* before 8.1.28, 8.2.* before 8.2.18, 8.3.* before 8.3.5, when using proc_open() command with array syntax, due to insufficient escaping, if the arguments of the executed command are controlled by a malicious user, the user can supply…

more

arguments that would execute arbitrary commands in Windows shell.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-5585Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-5458Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-2408Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-4577Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2023-3824Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2023-3823Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-29894Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2024-0690Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2016-3078Same product: Php Php
CVE-2026-6722Same product: Php Php

Affected Assets

php
php
8.1.0 — 8.1.28 · 8.2.0 — 8.2.18 · 8.3.0 — 8.3.5
fedoraproject
fedora
39, 40

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.2.1
  • V1.2.3

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-116

Validating that output matches expected content directly mitigates failures to properly encode or escape data for its destination context.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper output encoding to prevent injection and message malformation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require correct output encoding and escaping to preserve message structure.

finds

Security testing can detect missing or incorrect encoding but does not itself implement the control.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates output encoding/escaping practices that directly prevent improper encoding.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit rules for safe output handling and encoding.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of missing encoding but do not prescribe the actual technique.

References