CVE-2024-25181

Critical

Published: 29 December 2025

Published

29 December 2025

Modified

07 January 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0011 29.5th percentile

Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-25181 is a critical-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Vvveb Vvvebjs. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 29.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Directly requires validation of user-supplied URLs prior to processing by file_get_contents, preventing both SSRF and arbitrary file reads.

AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement good match

prevent

Enforces information flow control policies to block unauthorized server-side requests to internal networks or local files via untrusted URLs.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions partial match

prevent

Restricts information inputs to approved types and sources, limiting user-supplied URLs to safe schemes and destinations.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1005 Data from Local System Collection

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated remote exploitation of public-facing web app (T1190) enables arbitrary local file reading (T1005) and SSRF.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

A critical vulnerability has been identified in givanz VvvebJs 1.7.2, which allows both Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and arbitrary file reading. The vulnerability stems from improper handling of user-supplied URLs in the "file_get_contents" function within the "save.php" file.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-25181 is a critical vulnerability in givanz VvvebJs version 1.7.2 that enables both Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and arbitrary file reading. The flaw originates from improper handling of user-supplied URLs passed to the file_get_contents function within the save.php file. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N) and maps to CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery).

The vulnerability can be exploited by a remote, unauthenticated attacker requiring no user interaction and low attack complexity. Exploitation allows the attacker to trigger SSRF, potentially accessing internal network resources, and to read arbitrary files on the server, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality and integrity.

Advisories and further technical details are available in the referenced GitHub gist at https://gist.github.com/joaoviictorti/69cbae23d98fb9a1a4b3eee0c305c7de.