Cyber Posture

CVE-2024-49563

High

Published: 28 March 2025

Published
28 March 2025
Modified
08 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0025 48.1th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-49563 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Dell Unity Operating Environment. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 48.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-2 requires organizations to identify, report, and correct flaws like this OS command injection vulnerability through timely patching, such as Dell's DSA-2025-116 update.

prevent

SI-10 enforces validation of system inputs to detect and reject improperly neutralized special elements, directly preventing OS command injection exploitation.

prevent

AC-6 applies least privilege to restrict low-privileged local accounts from accessing vulnerable components, limiting the potential for privilege escalation even if injection occurs.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

OS command injection allows local low-privileged users to execute arbitrary commands as root, directly enabling T1068 (Exploitation for Privilege Escalation) and T1059.004 (Unix Shell) for command execution on the Linux-based Dell Unity system.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.4 and prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to execution of arbitrary operating…

more

system commands with root privileges and elevation of privileges.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-49563 is an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command, known as an OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78), affecting Dell Unity versions 5.4 and prior. This flaw allows special elements in OS commands to be inadequately sanitized, enabling malicious input to alter command execution.

A low-privileged attacker with local access can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary operating system commands with root privileges, leading to privilege escalation. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) reflects high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability in a local attack scenario with low complexity and no user interaction required.

Dell has published DSA-2025-116, a security update addressing this vulnerability along with multiple others in Dell Unity, Dell UnityVSA, and Dell Unity XT, available at https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000300090/dsa-2025-116-security-update-for-dell-unity-dell-unityvsa-and-dell-unity-xt-security-update-for-multiple-vulnerabilities.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

dell
unity operating environment
≤ 5.5.0.0.5.259

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References