Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-50390

RCE in Qnap Qurouter 2.4.0.190 … 2.4.4.106

Published
07 March 2025
Modified
24 September 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 7.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.010 61th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-50390 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Qnap Qurouter. Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 39% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-2 (Baseline Configuration) and CM-6 (Configuration Settings) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-50390 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-78, CWE-1188) affecting QHora devices from QNAP. The flaw exists in the QuRouter firmware, enabling remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands if exploited. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, and lack of required privileges or user interaction.

Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network without privileges or user involvement. Successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to execute arbitrary commands on the affected device, potentially leading to full system compromise with high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

QNAP has addressed the vulnerability in QuRouter firmware version 2.4.5.032 and later. Security practitioners should update affected QHora devices to these patched versions immediately. Additional details are available in the vendor's advisory at https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-01.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QHora. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: QuRouter 2.4.5.032 and later

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-13087Same product: Qnap Qurouter
CVE-2024-48861Same product: Qnap Qurouter
CVE-2024-48860Same product: Qnap Qurouter
CVE-2024-53700Same product: Qnap Qurouter
CVE-2025-29887Same product: Qnap Qurouter
CVE-2023-39297Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2017-6360Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2023-23373Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2023-39294Same product class: NAS / storage appliance
CVE-2023-32976Same product class: NAS / storage appliance

Affected Assets

qnap
qurouter
2.4.0.190, 2.4.1.172, 2.4.1.634, 2.4.2.317, 2.4.2.538

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 13 hardening rules · 7 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V14.3.2
  • V6.3.2
  • V11.3.1
  • V13.2.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Baseline configuration directly requires documenting and maintaining secure initial settings instead of insecure defaults.

Configuration settings mandate the most restrictive values be applied at initialization, eliminating reliance on insecure factory defaults.

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 full match
prevents

Hardened baselines and configuration management directly replace insecure defaults with secure settings.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

ID.RA-09 partial match
prevents

Pre-acquisition integrity checks can reject products known to ship with insecure defaults.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

prevents

Mandating secure baseline templates and immediate replacement of vendor defaults directly stops systems from being deployed with insecure factory settings that attackers can exploit.

prevents

Requiring documented specification, testing, and acceptance of changes ensures that new or modified components are not initialized with insecure default settings that would otherwise be left in production.

none

Requiring suppliers to document secure configuration and implemented security functions reduces the likelihood that products will be initialised with insecure default settings.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248823 OL 8 must not have the telnet-server package installed. prevents CWE-1188
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204627 SNMP community strings on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be changed from the default. prevents CWE-1188
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260529 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270708 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
  • V-224972 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2019 (1 rule)
  • V-205741 Windows Server 2019 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188

References