Cyber Posture

CVE-2024-56281

High

Published: 07 January 2025

Published
07 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0255 85.6th percentile
Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-56281 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 14.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Timely remediation through patching the vulnerable pgall-for-woocommerce WordPress plugin directly eliminates the PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability across affected versions.

prevent

Enforces validation of filenames used in PHP include/require statements to block arbitrary local file inclusion by low-privileged authenticated attackers.

prevent

Establishes secure PHP configuration settings like open_basedir restrictions to limit the scope of local files accessible via the LFI vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

LFI vulnerability in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of the web application for RCE/data access.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in codemstory 워드프레스 결제 심플페이 pgall-for-woocommerce allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects 워드프레스 결제 심플페이: from n/a through <= 5.2.0.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2024-56281 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, described as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion (CWE-98), in the WordPress plugin pgall-for-woocommerce (developed by codemstory under the Korean name 워드프레스 결제 심플페이). The issue affects all versions from n/a through 5.2.0. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to network accessibility, high attack complexity, low privileges required, and high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A low-privileged authenticated user (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability over the network (AV:N) without user interaction (UI:N), though it requires high attack complexity (AC:H). Successful exploitation allows inclusion of arbitrary local PHP files, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of files, or remote code execution within the scope of the affected plugin (S:U), resulting in high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/pgall-for-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-plugin-5-2-0-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides details on the vulnerability in version 5.2.0 and recommends updating to a patched version where available or removing the plugin if no fix exists.

Details

CWE(s)

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References