CVE-2025-0461

Medium

Published: 14 January 2025

Published

14 January 2025

Modified

28 August 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 4.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0103 77.5th percentile

Risk Priority 9 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0461 is a medium-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in 51Mis Lingdang Crm. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Direct Volume Access (T1006); ranked in the top 22.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Direct Volume Access (T1006) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

SI-10 directly prevents path traversal by requiring validation of the pathfile argument to reject traversal sequences like '../'.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

SI-2 mandates timely identification and remediation of flaws like this path traversal vulnerability through patching or workarounds.

AC-3 Access Enforcement partial match

prevent

AC-3 enforces access control policies to limit file reads to authorized directories, mitigating unauthorized access via path traversal.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1006 Direct Volume Access Stealth

Adversaries may directly access a volume to bypass file access controls and file system monitoring.

attack.mitre.org →

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1213.004 Customer Relationship Management Software Collection

Adversaries may leverage Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software to mine valuable information.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Path traversal (CWE-22) in public-facing CRM web application enables remote arbitrary file read (T1006: Direct Volume Access), exploitation of public-facing application for initial access (T1190), and collection of data from CRM information repository (T1213.004).

NVD Description

A vulnerability has been found in Shanghai Lingdang Information Technology Lingdang CRM up to 8.6.0.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /crm/weixinmp/index.php?userid=123&module=Users&usid=1&action=UsersAjax&minipro_const_type=1&related_module=Singin. The manipulation of the argument pathfile leads to path traversal. The attack…

can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-0461 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) discovered in Shanghai Lingdang Information Technology's Lingdang CRM software, affecting versions up to 8.6.0.0. The issue resides in unknown code within the file /crm/weixinmp/index.php?userid=123&module=Users&usid=1&action=UsersAjax&minipro_const_type=1&related_module=Singin, where manipulation of the pathfile argument enables attackers to traverse directories and access unauthorized files.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by an authenticated attacker with low privileges (PR:L), requiring no user interaction (UI:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L). Successful exploitation results in limited confidentiality impact (C:L), allowing read access to files outside the intended directory, with no impact on integrity or availability (I:N/A:N). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N), classifying it as medium severity.

VulDB advisories (ctiid.291478, id.291478, submit.474252) document the issue, and a proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available in a GitHub repository (BxYQ/ld/blob/main/downloadSocialPromotionQrcode_fileread.doc). The vendor was notified early but has not responded or issued any patches or mitigations as of the CVE publication on 2025-01-14.

The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be actively used, increasing the risk for unpatched Lingdang CRM deployments.