CVE-2025-10452

Critical

Published: 15 September 2025

Published

15 September 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0020 41.8th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-10452 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Org (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 41.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

AC-14 Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication good match

prevent

Directly identifies, authorizes, and limits actions performable without identification or authentication, preventing unauthenticated high-privilege database access.

SC-14 Public Access Protections good match

prevent

Enforces security measures to prevent remote unauthenticated entities from accessing publicly accessible services, mitigating network-based exploitation of the database system.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations for logical access to system resources, ensuring authentication checks block unauthorized read, modify, and delete operations.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1213.006 Databases Collection

Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Missing authentication (CWE-306) on public-facing database system directly enables remote exploitation for initial access (T1190) and unauthorized database data access/manipulation (T1213.006).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Statistical Database System developed by Gotac has a Missing Authentication vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to read, modify, and delete database contents with high-level privileges.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-10452 is a Missing Authentication vulnerability (CWE-306) affecting the Statistical Database System developed by Gotac. Published on 2025-09-15T03:15:40.707, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The issue enables unauthenticated remote attackers to read, modify, and delete database contents with high-level privileges.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no required privileges or user interaction. Successful exploitation provides high-level database privileges, allowing full compromise of confidentiality through unauthorized reads, integrity via modifications, and availability through deletions.

Advisories from Taiwan's CERT (TWCERT) provide further details on this vulnerability, available at https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10380-1ce73-2.html and https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10379-70d40-1.html.