CVE-2025-11005
Published: 25 September 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-11005 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Totolink X6000R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 23.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly mitigates OS command injection by requiring validation and sanitization of inputs to neutralize special elements used in OS commands.
Remediates the specific flaw in the TOTOLINK X6000R firmware through timely patching as advised by vendors.
Complements input validation by restricting types and quantities of inputs to block oversized or malformed payloads used in command injection exploits.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
OS Command Injection vulnerability in the TOTOLINK X6000R router enables exploitation of a public-facing web application (T1190) to execute arbitrary commands via the network device CLI or shell (T1059.008).
NVD Description
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in TOTOLINK X6000R allows OS Command Injection.This issue affects X6000R: through V9.4.0cu.1458_B20250708.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-11005 is an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command, classified as an OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78), affecting the TOTOLINK X6000R router. This flaw allows arbitrary OS command execution and impacts all versions through V9.4.0cu.1458_B20250708. The vulnerability received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility and high impacts.
A remote, unauthenticated attacker with network access to the device can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables the injection and execution of arbitrary operating system commands, potentially granting full control over the router with high consequences for confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Advisories detailing the issue and mitigation are available from Palo Alto Networks at https://github.com/PaloAltoNetworks/u42-vulnerability-disclosures/blob/main/2025/PANW-2025-0005/PANW-2025-0005.md and from TOTOLINK at https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/247/ids/36.html.
Details
- CWE(s)