Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-11093

Wso2 Api Manager 3.1.0 – 3.1.0.345

Published
05 November 2025
Modified
09 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0044 36th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-11093 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Wso2 Api Manager. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 36th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-11093, published on 2025-11-05, is an arbitrary code execution vulnerability (CWE-94) with a CVSS v3.1 score of 8.4 (AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) affecting multiple WSO2 products, including WSO2 Micro Integrator, WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, and WSO2 API Manager. The flaw arises from insufficient restrictions in the GraalJS and NashornJS Script Mediator engines, enabling authenticated users with elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code within the integration runtime environment.

Attackers require adjacent network access and high privileges to exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no user interaction. By default, access to these scripting engines is limited to administrators in WSO2 Micro Integrator and WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, while in WSO2 API Manager it extends to both administrators and API creators. Successful exploitation allows trusted-but-privileged users to perform unauthorized actions or compromise the execution environment.

For details on mitigation, patches, and remediation steps, refer to the WSO2 security advisory at https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4510/.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to insufficient restrictions in the GraalJS and NashornJS Script Mediator engines. Authenticated users with elevated privileges can execute arbitrary code within the integration runtime environment. By default, access to…

more

these scripting engines is limited to administrators in WSO2 Micro Integrator and WSO2 Enterprise Integrator, while in WSO2 API Manager, access extends to both administrators and API creators. This may allow trusted-but-privileged users to perform unauthorized actions or compromise the execution environment.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-5717Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-8154Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2026-4249Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-13590Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-4760Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2026-1728Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-8325Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2026-5430Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-3125Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane
CVE-2025-10713Same product: Wso2 Api Control Plane

Affected Assets

wso2
api control plane
4.5.0 — 4.5.0.29
wso2
api manager
3.1.0 — 3.1.0.345 · 3.2.0 — 3.2.0.446 · 3.2.1 — 3.2.1.66
wso2
enterprise integrator
6.6.0 — 6.6.0.224
wso2
micro integrator
4.0.0 — 4.0.0.145 · 4.1.0 — 4.1.0.147 · 4.2.0 — 4.2.0.141
wso2
traffic manager
4.5.0 — 4.5.0.27
wso2
universal gateway
4.5.0 — 4.5.0.27

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References