CVE-2025-1143

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published

11 February 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0009 25.1th percentile

Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1143 is a high-severity Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798) vulnerability in Org (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique SSH (T1021.004); ranked at the 25.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-2 (Account Management) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to SSH (T1021.004) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

IA-5 Authenticator Management good match

prevent

Directly requires managing and changing default authenticators, preventing the use of hard-coded credentials for SSH access.

AC-2 Account Management good match

prevent

Ensures proper account management including disabling unnecessary accounts and changing default credentials to block unauthorized root logins.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Mandates identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like hard-coded credentials through timely patching and firmware updates.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1021.004 SSH Lateral Movement

Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.

attack.mitre.org →

T1078.003 Local Accounts Stealth

Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.

attack.mitre.org →

T1133 External Remote Services Persistence

Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Hard-coded credentials directly enable root login via exposed SSH (T1021.004), use of valid local accounts (T1078.003), and external remote services access (T1133).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Certain models of routers from Billion Electric has hard-coded embedded linux credentials, allowing attackers to log in through the SSH service using these credentials and obtain root privilege of the system.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1143 is a vulnerability in certain models of routers from Billion Electric that involves hard-coded embedded Linux credentials. These credentials enable unauthorized access through the SSH service, allowing attackers to log in and obtain root privileges on the affected systems. Published on 2025-02-11, the issue has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.4 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and maps to CWE-798 (Use of Hard-coded Credentials).

The attack requires local access (AV:L) with low complexity and no privileges (PR:N). An attacker can exploit it by connecting to the exposed SSH service using the hard-coded credentials, achieving root-level control. This results in high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially leading to full compromise of the router.

Mitigation details are available in advisories from TWCERT, including https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-8414-096ce-2.html and https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-8413-ec9a5-1.html.