Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-11700

XXE in N-Able N-Central ≤ 2025.4

Published
12 November 2025
Modified
15 December 2025
CVSS Score v4 8.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.31 98th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-11700 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CWE-611) vulnerability in N-Able N-Central. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

N-able N-central versions prior to 2025.4 contain multiple XML External Entity (XXE) injection flaws, tracked as CWE-611. The issues allow crafted XML input to be processed by the application, resulting in unauthorized disclosure of information. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.4, reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and low privileges required.

An authenticated attacker with low privileges can supply malicious XML payloads over the network to extract sensitive data from the server. Successful exploitation yields high confidentiality impact on the primary system and limited secondary effects on confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the broader environment.

The vendor advisory published by N-able at https://me.n-able.com/s/security-advisory/aArVy0000000rabKAA addresses the issue and provides guidance on remediation, including the availability of a fixed release in version 2025.4.

The associated EPSS score currently stands at 0.5295 after reaching a peak of 0.6543, indicating moderate and sustained exploitation interest following disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

N-central versions < 2025.4 are vulnerable to multiple XML External Entities injection leading to information disclosure

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-8510Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2025-11366Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2025-11367Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2025-8875Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2026-18577Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2026-18556Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2024-5322Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2025-8876Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2024-28200Same product: N-Able N-Central
CVE-2025-7051Same product: N-Able N-Central

Affected Assets

n-able
n-central
≤ 2025.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.5.1
  • V15.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Secure configuration settings can disable external entity processing in XML parsers.

Developer testing can discover XXE flaws through targeted XML parsing tests.

Input validation can reject or sanitize XML containing external entity references.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened XML parser configurations directly disable external entity resolution.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include input validation and safe XML parser configuration that prevent XXE.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning can discover XXE flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching eliminates XXE-vulnerable parser versions but is only one aspect of software maintenance.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches XXE via static analysis and dynamic XML fuzzing.

finds

Vulnerability management identifies and patches XML libraries with unsafe default entity settings.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and entity handling that directly prevents XXE.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for disabling external entity processing in XML parsers.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include safe parser configuration that mitigates external entity risks.

prevents

Secure coding standards require disabling DTDs and external entities in XML processing.

References