Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-12531

High

Published: 03 November 2025

Published
03 November 2025
Modified
05 November 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0010 27.8th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-12531 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CWE-611) vulnerability in Ibm Infosphere Information Server. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 27.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

IBM InfoSphere Information Server versions 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6 are vulnerable to CVE-2025-12531, an XML external entity (XXE) injection flaw (CWE-611) that occurs when processing XML data. Published on 2025-11-03, this vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H), indicating network accessibility with low attack complexity.

A remote attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability without user interaction, achieving low-impact confidentiality loss by exposing sensitive information or high-impact availability disruption through memory resource exhaustion.

IBM provides further details, including mitigation guidance, in their security advisory at https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7249881.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6 is vulnerable to an XML external entity injection (XXE) attack when processing XML data. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to expose sensitive information or consume memory resources.

CWE(s)
CWE-611

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

T1190 for exploiting the network-accessible XXE vulnerability in server software; T1005 for XXE-enabled sensitive file disclosure; T1499.004 for memory exhaustion DoS via entity expansion.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-1567Same product: Ibm Infosphere Information Server
CVE-2025-0162Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2025-36247Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2024-49352Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2026-3603Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2025-3356Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2024-41771Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2024-54171Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2024-49781Same vendor: Ibm
CVE-2024-45652Same vendor: Ibm

Affected Assets

ibm
infosphere information server
11.7 — 11.7.1.6

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly prevents XXE attacks by requiring validation of XML inputs to block external entity processing and malicious payloads.

CM-6 Configuration Settings good match
prevent

Mitigates XXE by enforcing secure configuration settings on XML parsers to disable external entities and DTD processing.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Addresses this specific CVE by requiring timely flaw remediation through application of IBM patches for the XXE vulnerability.

References