Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-1396

Wso2 Identity Server 5.10.0 … 6.1.0

Published
26 September 2025
Modified
06 October 2025
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 3.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0023 14th percentile
Risk Priority 31 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1396 is a low-severity Observable Discrepancy (CWE-203) vulnerability in Wso2 Identity Server. Its CVSS base score is 3.7 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Discovery (T1087); ranked at the 14th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-6 (Authentication Feedback) and SI-11 (Error Handling) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A username enumeration vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products when Multi-Attribute Login is enabled. In this configuration, the system returns a distinct "User does not exist" error message to the login form, regardless of the validate_username setting. This behavior allows…

more

malicious actors to determine which usernames exist in the system based on observable discrepancies in the application's responses. Exploitation of this vulnerability could aid in brute-force attacks, targeted phishing campaigns, or other social engineering techniques by confirming the validity of user identifiers within the system.

CWE(s)
CWE-203

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1087 Account Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.
attack.mitre.org →
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
attack.mitre.org →
T1595 Active Scanning Reconnaissance
Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-0391Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2025-0663Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2025-0672Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2025-1862Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-7073Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-1248Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-2374Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-7096Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-7097Same product: Wso2 Identity Server
CVE-2024-3511Same product: Wso2 Identity Server

Affected Assets

wso2
identity server
5.10.0, 5.11.0, 6.0.0, 6.1.0
wso2
identity server as key manager
5.10.0
wso2
open banking iam
2.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 1 hardening rule · 1 OS baseline
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

—

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

IA-6 Authentication Feedback good match

Obscures authentication feedback so that success/failure differences are not observable to attackers.

SI-11 Error Handling good match

Requires error messages to avoid revealing exploitable details, directly stopping observable response discrepancies.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent observable response discrepancies via consistent error handling and timing.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.17 Clock synchronization none match
none

Accurate, synchronized timestamps reduce observable timing discrepancies that an attacker could exploit to infer sensitive information or distinguish between success and failure paths.

References