CVE-2025-14931
Published: 23 December 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-14931 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Zerodayinitiative (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 47.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as AI Agent Protocols and Integrations; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.
Deeper analysis
Hugging Face smolagents is affected by CVE-2025-14931, a remote code execution vulnerability in the Remote Python Executor that stems from unsafe parsing of pickle data. The root cause is missing validation of untrusted user input, which permits deserialization attacks and leads to arbitrary code execution in the context of the service account. The issue was originally tracked as ZDI-CAN-28312 and received a CVSS 3.0 score of 10.0.
Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the flaw over the network by supplying malicious pickle payloads, achieving full code execution on vulnerable installations without any user interaction or credentials.
The referenced Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-25-1143 provides further details on the vulnerability. The EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0309 and a peak of 0.0464.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-204810
Vulnerability details
Hugging Face smolagents Remote Python Executor Deserialization of Untrusted Data Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Hugging Face smolagents. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific…
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flaw exists within the parsing of pickle data. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in deserialization of untrusted data. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-28312.
- CWE(s)
AI Security AnalysisAI
- AI Category
- AI Agent Protocols and Integrations
- Risk Domain
- Supply Chain and Deployment
- OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
- None mapped
- Classification Reason
- Matched keywords: hugging face
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The vulnerability enables remote unauthenticated arbitrary code execution via deserialization of untrusted pickle data in the Hugging Face smolagents Remote Python Executor, facilitating exploitation of a public-facing application.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Penetration testing supplies malicious serialized objects, detecting unsafe deserialization and supporting corrective actions.
Evaluation of untrusted data handling (deserialization testing) reveals unsafe processing, which the required remediation process addresses.
Untrusted serialized data can be deserialized and observed inside the chamber, blocking gadget-chain exploitation outside the sandbox.
Validates or rejects untrusted serialized data before deserialization occurs.
Identifies and blocks malicious code introduced through deserialization of untrusted data at system boundaries.
Integrity verification of serialized information can detect tampering before deserialization occurs.
Provenance of associated data allows detection of untrusted sources before deserialization or processing occurs.