Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-14931

RCE

Published
23 December 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v3 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0097 59th percentile
Risk Priority 80 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-14931 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Zerodayinitiative (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 41% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as AI Agent Protocols and Integrations; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

Hugging Face smolagents is affected by CVE-2025-14931, a remote code execution vulnerability in the Remote Python Executor that stems from unsafe parsing of pickle data. The root cause is missing validation of untrusted user input, which permits deserialization attacks and leads to arbitrary code execution in the context of the service account. The issue was originally tracked as ZDI-CAN-28312 and received a CVSS 3.0 score of 10.0.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the flaw over the network by supplying malicious pickle payloads, achieving full code execution on vulnerable installations without any user interaction or credentials.

The referenced Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-25-1143 provides further details on the vulnerability. The EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0309 and a peak of 0.0464.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Hugging Face smolagents Remote Python Executor Deserialization of Untrusted Data Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Hugging Face smolagents. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific…

more

flaw exists within the parsing of pickle data. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in deserialization of untrusted data. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-28312.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
AI Agent Protocols and Integrations
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: hugging face

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-27794Shared CWE-502
CVE-2026-0760Shared CWE-502
CVE-2025-64439Shared CWE-502
CVE-2026-28277Shared CWE-502
CVE-2024-3301Shared CWE-502
CVE-2025-43713Shared CWE-502
CVE-2023-33299Shared CWE-502
CVE-2024-8514Shared CWE-502
CVE-2026-68771Shared CWE-502
CVE-2024-22309Shared CWE-502

Affected Assets

Zerodayinitiative
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can uncover deserialization flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops deserialization of untrusted data by ensuring inputs are valid before processing.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 none match
prevents

PR.PS-02 addresses only post-deployment updates/patching and cannot prevent introduction of unsafe deserialization code, yet it can remediate some instances when the flaw exists in outdated libraries or components.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

finds

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References