Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-1497

RCE in Mljar Plotai ≤ 0.0.7

Published
10 March 2025
Modified
03 October 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.010 61th percentile
Risk Priority 52 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1497 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Mljar Plotai. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 39% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the LLM/Generative AI Risks risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-1497 is a remote code execution vulnerability in PlotAI stemming from insufficient validation of output produced by large language models, which permits an attacker to execute arbitrary Python code. The affected component is the PlotAI application hosted in the mljar/plotai GitHub repository and is tracked under CWE-94 and CWE-77.

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit the flaw over the network with low complexity and no user interaction, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the target system. The CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3 reflects this critical impact.

Advisories published by CERT.pl note that the vendor has commented out the vulnerable code path and has no plans to issue a patch; continued use of the software requires users to re-enable the line and accept the risk. The associated GitHub commit shows the specific line that was disabled.

The EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0557 with no material increase since disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability, that could result in Remote Code Execution (RCE), has been found in PlotAI. Lack of validation of LLM-generated output allows attacker to execute arbitrary Python code. Vendor commented out vulnerable line, further usage of the software requires uncommenting…

more

it and thus accepting the risk. The vendor does not plan to release a patch to fix this vulnerability.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
LLM/Generative AI Risks
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
LLM01:2025 Prompt Injection
AI-specific weaknesses CR
  • CWE-1426 — LLM output reaches code-execution sink without validation.
Mapped by Cyber Resilience · not in NVD. Poisoning and extraction cases are routed to MITRE ATLAS instead of a synthetic CWE.
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: llm

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-30638Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2024-0325Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2023-41724Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2023-1097Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2024-44410Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2026-36365Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2024-9264Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2026-52199Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2026-21256Shared CWE-77, CWE-94
CVE-2023-1708Shared CWE-77, CWE-94

Affected Assets

mljar
plotai
≤ 0.0.7

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Secure engineering principles include proper neutralization and safe command construction practices.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References