Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-1932

Memory Safety in Mozilla Firefox ≤ 128.8.0

Published
04 March 2025
Modified
13 April 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0041 34th percentile
Risk Priority 60 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1932 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 34th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-1932 is a vulnerability stemming from an inconsistent comparator in the xslt/txNodeSorter component, which could lead to potentially exploitable out-of-bounds access classified under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). It affects Mozilla Firefox versions 122 and later, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird, with the issue fixed in Firefox 136, Firefox ESR 128.8, Thunderbird 136, and Thunderbird 128.8. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant confidentiality and availability impacts.

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no privileges required, but it necessitates user interaction, such as loading malicious XSLT content in a browser or email client. Successful exploitation could result in high-impact confidentiality breaches by reading sensitive process memory and high-impact availability disruptions like application crashes or denial of service, without affecting integrity.

Mozilla's security advisories (MFSA 2025-14, 2025-16, 2025-17, and 2025-18) and the associated Bugzilla entry recommend updating to the patched versions—Firefox 136, Firefox ESR 128.8, Thunderbird 136, or Thunderbird 128.8—as the primary mitigation. No workarounds are specified in the provided details.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An inconsistent comparator in xslt/txNodeSorter could have resulted in potentially exploitable out-of-bounds access. Only affected version 122 and later. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 136, Firefox ESR 128.8, Thunderbird 136, and Thunderbird 128.8.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-2771Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2024-10464Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2025-4082Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2024-6606Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-12303Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2024-3854Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2025-4087Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2025-4918Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2025-4919Same product: Mozilla Firefox
CVE-2026-7320Same product: Mozilla Firefox

Affected Assets

mozilla
firefox
≤ 128.8.0 · ≤ 136.0
mozilla
thunderbird
] — 128.8.0 · 129.0 — 136.0

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation directly finds out-of-bounds read flaws through static analysis, fuzzing, and dynamic bounds checks.

Secure engineering principles require bounds checking and memory-safe constructs that stop out-of-bounds reads from being introduced.

Process isolation confines the effects of an out-of-bounds read to the compromised process.

Input validation rejects malformed indices or lengths that would otherwise cause reads outside buffer bounds.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices such as bounds checking and memory-safe languages directly prevent out-of-bounds reads.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover instances of out-of-bounds reads after code is deployed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching replaces vulnerable code containing out-of-bounds read flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance includes fuzzing and static analysis that detect out-of-bounds read defects before release.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging can record evidence of an out-of-bounds read but does not prevent the weakness itself.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and bounds checking that directly prevent out-of-bounds reads.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit bounds and memory-safety specifications that mitigate buffer over-reads.

prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles require memory-safe design patterns and runtime protections against out-of-bounds access.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe pointer arithmetic and mandate bounds-checked reads, eliminating CWE-125.

References