Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-22144

Auth Bypass in Namelessmc Nameless ≤ 2.1.3

Public PoCAuth Bypass
Published
13 January 2025
Modified
13 May 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 9.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0076 52th percentile
Risk Priority 46 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22144 is a critical-severity Externally Controlled Reference to a Resource in Another Sphere (CWE-610) vulnerability in Namelessmc Nameless. Its CVSS base score is 9.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Data from Local System (T1005); ranked in the top 48% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-22144 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8, CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) in NamelessMC, a free website software for Minecraft servers. The flaw stems from improper handling of password reset codes during user validation. Specifically, when an account is approved via email, the reset_code remains NULL, but manual validation by a user with admincp.core.emails or admincp.users.edit permissions sets the reset_code to an empty value instead of NULL. This enables unauthorized password resets. The issue is linked to CWE-610 (Externally Controlled Reference to a Resource in Another Sphere) and CWE-640 (Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password).

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely with low complexity and no user interaction by sending a request to the /forgot_password/ endpoint (e.g., http://localhost/nameless/index.php?route=/forgot_password/&c=). This allows the attacker to reset the password of any user account, resulting in full account takeover and potential compromise of associated Minecraft server access or other linked resources.

The NamelessMC GitHub security advisory (GHSA-p883-7496-x35p) and release notes for version 2.1.3 confirm the issue has been fixed in that update, urging all users to upgrade immediately. No workarounds are available.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

NamelessMC is a free, easy to use & powerful website software for Minecraft servers. A user with admincp.core.emails or admincp.users.edit permissions can validate users and an attacker can reset their password. When the account is successfully approved by email the…

more

reset code is NULL, but when the account is manually validated by a user with admincp.core.emails or admincp.users.edit permissions then the reset_code will no longer be NULL but empty. An attacker can request http://localhost/nameless/index.php?route=/forgot_password/&c= and reset the password. As a result an attacker may compromise another users password and take over their account. This issue has been addressed in release version 2.1.3 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1083 File and Directory Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system.
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
T1110.001 Password Guessing Credential Access
Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-32389Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-54117Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-54421Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-22142Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-29784Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-54118Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-30158Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-30357Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-31118Same product: Namelessmc Nameless
CVE-2025-31120Same product: Namelessmc Nameless

Affected Assets

namelessmc
nameless
≤ 2.1.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V7.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Enforces access authorizations so externally supplied references cannot reach resources outside the intended sphere.

Controls information flow between security domains, blocking resolution of external references to unintended spheres.

Identity proofing at appropriate assurance levels ensures forgotten-password recovery cannot succeed without strong verification of the user.

Authenticator management requires secure distribution, reset, and verification procedures that directly address weak password recovery flows.

Validates information inputs, directly stopping externally controlled names or references from being accepted.

Monitors and controls boundary communications, limiting the ability of external references to reach protected resources.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential lifecycle management directly includes password reset/recovery flows.

PR.AA-02 mostly match
prevents

Identity proofing is the core control that prevents weak or bypassed recovery mechanisms.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly require input validation and reference sanitization that prevent externally-controlled resource references.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data flows can detect anomalous external resource accesses that result from this weakness.

PR.AA-03 partial match
prevents

Authentication policy covers strength/MFA but does not address recovery path weaknesses.

PR.IR-01 partial match
prevents

Network segmentation and access controls limit the blast radius when an external reference escapes its intended sphere.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect instances of the weakness but does not prevent it at design or coding time.

degrades

Strong authentication-information lifecycle rules directly address weak password-recovery flows.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates validation of all external references to prevent uncontrolled resource access.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against externally supplied resource identifiers.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface for externally controlled references but do not prescribe specific validation rules.

prevents

Secure coding standards require input validation and canonicalization to block externally controlled resource references.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248577 OL 8 must enable kernel parameters to enforce Discretionary Access Control (DAC) on symlinks. prevents CWE-610

References