Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23553

High

Published: 03 March 2025

Published
03 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0023 45.9th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23553 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique JavaScript (T1059.007); ranked at the 45.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to JavaScript (T1059.007) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates reflected XSS by filtering information outputs during web page generation to neutralize malicious scripts.

prevent

Enforces validation of reflected inputs like URLs to prevent injection and processing of XSS payloads.

prevent

Requires timely flaw remediation to patch the specific XSS vulnerability in the Userbase Access Control plugin.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.007 JavaScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.
T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS enables arbitrary JavaScript execution in the victim's browser via malicious URL payloads (T1059.007) and directly facilitates browser session hijacking or data theft as noted in the impacts (T1185).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in David Cramer Userbase Access Control userbase-access-control allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Userbase Access Control: from n/a through <= 1.0.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23553 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, affecting the Userbase Access Control WordPress plugin developed by David Cramer. The plugin, known as userbase-access-control, is vulnerable in all versions up to and including 1.0, allowing attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages generated by the plugin.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating it is exploitable over the network with low complexity, no privileges required, but user interaction is needed. Remote unauthenticated attackers can craft malicious payloads delivered via reflected inputs, such as URLs, tricking victims into interacting with them (e.g., clicking a link). Successful exploitation executes arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context with changed scope, potentially leading to low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as session hijacking or data theft.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/userbase-access-control/vulnerability/wordpress-userbase-access-control-plugin-1-0-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve provides details on the vulnerability, including assessment and recommended mitigations for WordPress site administrators.

Details

CWE(s)

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CVE-2025-10553Shared CWE-79

References