Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23994

High

Published: 21 January 2025

Published
21 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0018 38.9th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23994 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 38.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires validation and neutralization of inputs at entry points to block malicious script injection via the CSRF-to-stored XSS vector in the Estatebud plugin.

prevent

Mandates output filtering during web page generation to prevent execution of stored malicious scripts when affected pages are viewed by users.

prevent

Directly facilitates identification, reporting, and patching of the specific flaw in Estatebud plugin versions up to 5.5.0.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
Why these techniques?

Stored XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of the web application (T1190) and facilitates drive-by compromise by injecting executable scripts into pages viewed by users (T1189).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Estatebud Estatebud – Properties & Listings estatebud-properties-listings allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Estatebud – Properties & Listings: from n/a through <= 5.5.0.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23994, published on 2025-01-21, is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, enabling Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) as classified under CWE-79. It affects the Estatebud – Properties & Listings WordPress plugin (estatebud-properties-listings) in all versions up to and including 5.5.0.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating network-accessible exploitation with low attack complexity, no required privileges, and user interaction needed. Unauthenticated attackers can leverage a CSRF-to-Stored XSS vector to inject and store malicious scripts, which execute in the context of other users viewing affected pages, resulting in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability under a changed scope.

The Patchstack advisory (https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/estatebud-properties-listings/vulnerability/wordpress-estatebud-properties-listings-plugin-5-5-0-csrf-to-stored-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve) documents the CSRF-to-Stored XSS issue in Estatebud – Properties & Listings version 5.5.0 and earlier, providing vulnerability details for mitigation.

Details

CWE(s)

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References