Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-25007

Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 … 2019

Published
12 August 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0083 54th percentile
Risk Priority 49 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25007 is a medium-severity Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input (CWE-1286) vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 46% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Improper validation of syntactic correctness of input in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

CWE(s)
CWE-1286

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-45502Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-45504Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2025-53782Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-21527Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-55009Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2025-25006Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-55008Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-45500Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2025-25005Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server
CVE-2026-45501Same product: Microsoft Exchange Server

Affected Assets

microsoft
exchange server
2016, 2019
microsoft
exchange server subscription edition
≤ 15.02.2562.020

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.1
  • V1.4.2
  • V2.1.1
  • V2.2.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

SI-10 requires validation of information inputs for correctness, directly stopping syntactic validation failures from being introduced or exploitable.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require syntactic input validation to prevent malformed data handling.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches missing or incorrect syntax validation.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation to ensure syntactic correctness.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for validation of input syntax.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of missing syntactic checks.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly require proper syntactic validation of all inputs.

References