CVE-2025-25616
Published: 10 March 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-25616 is a medium-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Changeweb Unifiedtransform. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 30.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-25616 is an Incorrect Access Control vulnerability in Unifiedtransform version 2.0, published on 2025-03-10. The flaw allows students to modify rules for exams via the affected endpoint /exams/edit-rule?exam_rule_id=1. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) and maps to CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) as well as NVD-CWE-Other.
The vulnerability can be exploited by low-privilege users, such as authenticated students, over the network with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Exploitation enables modification of exam rules, leading to a low-impact integrity violation while preserving confidentiality and availability.
Advisories and related details are provided in the GitHub repositories at https://github.com/armaansidana2003/CVE-2025-25616 and https://github.com/changeweb/Unifiedtransform.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-7675
Vulnerability details
Unifiedtransform 2.0 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control, which allows students to modify rules for exams. The affected endpoint is /exams/edit-rule?exam_rule_id=1.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Incorrect access control vulnerability in public-facing web application (/exams/edit-rule endpoint) allows authenticated low-privilege users (students) to perform unauthorized administrative actions like modifying exam rules, enabling exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and exploitation for privilege escalation (T1068).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces approved authorizations for logical access, directly preventing low-privilege students from modifying exam rules via the vulnerable endpoint.
Employs least privilege to ensure students lack permissions needed to access and edit exam rules.
Enforces separation of duties between students and exam administrators to restrict unauthorized rule modifications.