Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-27780

RCE in Applio ≤ 3.2.8-bugfix

Published
19 March 2025
Modified
01 August 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0084 55th percentile
Risk Priority 56 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-27780 is a high-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Applio Applio. Its CVSS base score is 8.9 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 45% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

Applio, an open-source voice conversion tool, contains an unsafe deserialization vulnerability in versions 3.2.8-bugfix and earlier. The flaw resides in model_information.py, where user-supplied input such as a model path is passed through run_model_information_script to the model_information function, which invokes torch.load without safeguards in rvc/train/process/model_information.py. This triggers CWE-502 and permits arbitrary code execution during deserialization.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can supply a malicious model file or path, causing the application to load and execute attacker-controlled payloads via the vulnerable torch.load call. Successful exploitation grants remote code execution with the privileges of the Applio process, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A fix has been merged into the main branch of the IAHispano/Applio repository, addressing the unsafe loading path. The referenced GitHub Security Lab advisory (GHSL-2024-341) details the issue and points to the corrective commit.

EPSS for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.1725 before settling at 0.1349, indicating growing exploitation interest after public disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Applio is a voice conversion tool. Versions 3.2.8-bugfix and prior are vulnerable to unsafe deserialization in model_information.py. `model_name` in model_information.py takes user-supplied input (e.g. a path to a model) and pass that value to the `run_model_information_script` and later to `model_information`…

more

function, which loads that model with `torch.load` in rvc/train/process/model_information.py (on line 16 in 3.2.8-bugfix), which is vulnerable to unsafe deserialization. The issue can lead to remote code execution. A patch is available in the `main` branch of the repository.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-27779Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27778Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27781Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27775Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27774Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27782Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27777Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27776Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27786Same product: Applio Applio
CVE-2025-27783Same product: Applio Applio

Affected Assets

applio
applio
≤ 3.2.8-bugfix

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can uncover deserialization flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops deserialization of untrusted data by ensuring inputs are valid before processing.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 none match
prevents

PR.PS-02 addresses only post-deployment updates/patching and cannot prevent introduction of unsafe deserialization code, yet it can remediate some instances when the flaw exists in outdated libraries or components.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

finds

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References