CVE-2025-2814
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:LCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2025-2814 is a medium-severity Generation of Predictable IV with CBC Mode (CWE-329) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 4.0 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Weaken Encryption (T1600); ranked at the 8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-12 (Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management) and SC-13 (Cryptographic Protection) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-10846
Vulnerability Data
Crypt::CBC versions between 1.21 and 3.05 for Perl may use the rand() function as the default source of entropy, which is not cryptographically secure, for cryptographic functions. This issue affects operating systems where "/dev/urandom'" is unavailable. In that case, Crypt::CBC…
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will fallback to use the insecure rand() function.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 10 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
V11.6.1V6.5.2V11.3.4V7.2.3
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Requiring specific approved cryptography for protection directly mandates use of strong PRNGs instead of weak ones.
Key establishment and management requirements force use of approved RNG sources with adequate entropy when generating keys.
Engineering principles applied during design and implementation can mandate cryptographically secure IV generation.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure SDLC practices directly enforce correct cryptographic implementation such as random IV generation for CBC.
Password-strength policies implicitly require sufficient entropy, but the control addresses authentication rather than algorithmic randomness.
Proper encryption for data-at-rest requires sufficient entropy for keys/nonces; eliminating the weakness therefore supports but does not fully realize the control.
Cryptographic protection of data-in-transit depends on adequate entropy; the weakness directly undermines the control's effectiveness.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mandates proper cryptographic controls including IV generation, directly preventing predictable-IV CBC weaknesses.
Security testing in development can detect predictable IV usage before deployment.
Secure SDLC processes catch cryptographic flaws like bad IVs during design and review phases.
Application security requirements can specify cryptographically strong random number generation.
Secure architecture principles guide selection of strong cryptographic primitives and IV handling.
Requires secure coding practices that eliminate predictable IV usage in CBC implementations.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
- V-248524 OL 8 must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: To provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-331
- V-248563 The OL 8 SSH server must be configured to use strong entropy. prevents CWE-331, CWE-338
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
- V-204497 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-331
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
- V-230223 RHEL 8 must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: To provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-331
- V-230253 RHEL 8 must ensure the SSH server uses strong entropy. prevents CWE-338
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
- V-260650 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography to protect classified information and for the following: To provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-338