CVE-2025-28928

High

Published: 26 March 2025

Published

26 March 2025

Modified

23 April 2026

KEV Added

—

Patch

—

CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0021 43.1th percentile

Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-28928 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-15 (Information Output Filtering) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-28928 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, affecting the WordPress plugin "Are you robot google recaptcha for wordpress" (are-you-robot-recaptcha) developed by sureshdsk. The issue impacts all versions from n/a through 2.2, allowing malicious input to be reflected in web page generation without proper neutralization.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating it is exploitable over the network with low attack complexity, no required privileges, but necessitating user interaction. Remote attackers can craft malicious payloads delivered via links or inputs that trick authenticated users into triggering the XSS, achieving low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability with a changed scope, such as session hijacking or script execution in the victim's browser context.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/are-you-robot-recaptcha/vulnerability/wordpress-are-you-robot-google-recaptcha-for-wordpress-plugin-2-2-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents the Reflected XSS in plugin version 2.2 and provides vulnerability details for affected WordPress installations.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-8139

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in sureshdsk Are you robot google recaptcha for wordpress are-you-robot-recaptcha allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Are you robot google recaptcha for wordpress: from n/a through <= 2.2.

CWE(s): CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection

Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The reflected XSS vulnerability in a public-facing WordPress plugin directly maps to T1190 (exploiting public-facing applications) and enables T1185 (browser session hijacking) via malicious script execution in the victim's browser context as described.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0