Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-2945

RCE in Pgadmin 4 ≤ 9.2

Public PoCRCE
Published
03 April 2025
Modified
17 September 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 9.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.47 99th percentile
Risk Priority 94 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-2945 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Pgadmin Pgadmin 4. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-2945 is a remote code execution vulnerability in pgAdmin 4 versions prior to 9.2, specifically in the Query Tool and Cloud Deployment modules. The flaw arises from two POST endpoints where unsanitized parameters are passed directly to Python's eval() function: the query_commited parameter at /sqleditor/query_tool/download and the high_availability parameter at /cloud/deploy. This corresponds to CWE-94 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.9.

An authenticated attacker with network access and low privileges can supply crafted input to these endpoints, resulting in arbitrary code execution on the server with impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The attack requires no user interaction and can cross security boundaries due to the affected component's privileges.

The referenced GitHub issue at https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/8603 provides further technical discussion of the endpoints involved. The EPSS score stands at 0.8249 with no indicated rise from a lower baseline.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Remote Code Execution security vulnerability in pgAdmin 4 (Query Tool and Cloud Deployment modules). The vulnerability is associated with the 2 POST endpoints; /sqleditor/query_tool/download, where the query_commited parameter and /cloud/deploy endpoint, where the high_availability parameter is unsafely passed to the…

more

Python eval() function, allowing arbitrary code execution. This issue affects pgAdmin 4: before 9.2.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-12762Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2025-13780Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-7816Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-17347Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-17566Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-12044Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-12047Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-12048Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-7818Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4
CVE-2026-12046Same product: Pgadmin Pgadmin 4

Affected Assets

pgadmin
pgadmin 4
≤ 9.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References