Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-30655

Juniper Junos ≤ 21.2

Published
09 April 2025
Modified
23 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 6.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0014 4th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-30655 is a medium-severity Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions (CWE-754) vulnerability in Juniper Junos. Its CVSS base score is 6.8 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-6 (Least Privilege) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local, low-privileged attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). When a specific "show bgp neighbor"…

more

CLI command is run, the rpd cpu utilization rises and eventually causes a crash and restart. Repeated use of this command will cause a sustained DoS condition. The device is only affected if BGP RIB sharding and update-threading is enabled. This issue affects Junos OS: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9, * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S8, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3, * from 23.4 before 23.4R2. and Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 21.2R3-S9-EVO, * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S8-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S6-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S2-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO, * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-EVO.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-60004Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2024-47507Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2025-60011Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2024-30402Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2026-33801Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2024-47499Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2025-59960Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2025-21597Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2024-30409Same product: Juniper Junos
CVE-2024-21614Same product: Juniper Junos

Affected Assets

juniper
junos
21.2, 21.4, 22.2, 22.4, 23.2 · ≤ 21.2
juniper
junos os evolved
21.2, 21.4, 22.2, 22.4, 23.2 · ≤ 21.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-11 Error Handling
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 7 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Restricts execution of the diagnostic 'show bgp neighbor' command to only those roles that require it, directly blocking the low-privileged local attacker path.

prevent

Requires validation of CLI inputs and exceptional BGP-sharding conditions before processing, eliminating the root cause of the rpd crash.

prevent

Ensures the routing daemon gracefully handles the unusual command-induced conditions instead of allowing CPU exhaustion and restart.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly require proper checks and handling for exceptional conditions throughout the SDLC.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and environments can detect adverse events triggered by unhandled exceptional conditions.

PR.PS-04 partial match
prevents

Generating logs of exceptions and errors enables detection of improper handling of unusual conditions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development and acceptance verifies handling of error and exceptional conditions.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
detects

Logging can record unhandled exceptions but does not prevent the weakness itself.

detects

Monitoring may detect symptoms of unhandled conditions but does not eliminate the root weakness.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates exception handling and input validation that directly prevent missing checks for unusual conditions.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for handling of exceptional conditions and error paths.

prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles require robust error and exception handling mechanisms.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that reduce the attack surface for weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Derived transitively via CVE→CWE→STIG over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248573 The OL 8 file integrity tool must notify the system administrator (SA) when changes to the baseline configuration or anomalies in the operation of any security functions are discovered within an organizationally defined frequency. via CWE-754
  • V-248575 OL 8 must prevent the installation of software, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components of local packages without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that is recognized and approved by the organization. via CWE-754
Oracle Linux 9 (1 rule)
  • V-271452 OL 9 must use a Linux Security Module configured to enforce limits on system services. via CWE-754

References