CVE-2025-40599
Published: 23 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-40599 is a critical-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Sonicwall Sma 210 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 26.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-40599 is an authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the SMA 100 series web management interface. A remote attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw to upload arbitrary files to the system, potentially leading to remote code execution. The vulnerability is associated with CWE-434 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Exploitation requires an attacker to possess administrative privileges on the targeted SMA 100 series device. Once authenticated, the attacker can remotely upload malicious files over the network with low attack complexity and no user interaction. This can achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with a changed scope that enables full system compromise, such as remote code execution.
SonicWall has published a related advisory detailing the vulnerability under identifier SNWLID-2025-0014, available at https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0014, which security practitioners should consult for mitigation guidance and patch information.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-22450
Vulnerability details
An authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the SMA 100 series web management interface. A remote attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw to upload arbitrary files to the system, potentially leading to remote code execution.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Authenticated arbitrary file upload in public-facing web management interface directly enables web shell deployment and RCE via T1505.003; initial access via exploitation of the exposed application maps to T1190.
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly remediates the arbitrary file upload vulnerability by identifying, prioritizing, and applying vendor patches such as those in SonicWall advisory SNWLID-2025-0014.
Requires validation of file uploads in the web management interface to reject arbitrary or malicious files, preventing exploitation leading to RCE.
Enforces least privilege to minimize users with administrative access required for exploitation of the authenticated file upload vulnerability.