Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-40932

Grichter Apache\ \

Published
27 February 2026
Modified
03 March 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 8.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0020 10th percentile
Risk Priority 59 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-40932 is a high-severity PRNG (CWE-338) vulnerability in Grichter Apache\. Its CVSS base score is 8.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Forge Web Credentials (T1606); ranked at the 10th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SC-12 (Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-40932 is a vulnerability in Apache::SessionX versions through 2.01 for Perl, where session IDs are generated insecurely. The default generator in Apache::SessionX::Generate::MD5 produces an MD5 hash seeded with the built-in rand() function, the epoch time, and the process ID (PID). These seeds are predictable because PIDs are drawn from a small set of numbers, epoch time can be guessed or obtained from the HTTP Date header, and the rand() function is unsuitable for cryptographic use.

Remote attackers can exploit this over the network with low complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction required. By predicting session IDs, they can hijack active sessions, achieving high confidentiality impact (access to sensitive session data) and low integrity impact, as reflected in the CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.2 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N). This enables unauthorized system access.

The provided reference points to the source code in Apache-SessionX-2.01 at line 29 of SessionX/Generate/MD5.pm on MetaCPAN, illustrating the flawed generation logic, though no specific advisories or patches are detailed in the available information.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Apache::SessionX versions through 2.01 for Perl create insecure session id. Apache::SessionX generates session ids insecurely. The default session id generator in Apache::SessionX::Generate::MD5 returns a MD5 hash seeded with the built-in rand() function, the epoch time, and the PID. The PID…

more

will come from a small set of numbers, and the epoch time may be guessed, if it is not leaked from the HTTP Date header. The built-in rand function is unsuitable for cryptographic usage. Predicable session ids could allow an attacker to gain access to systems.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1606 Forge Web Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.
T1606.001 Web Cookies Credential Access
Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
T1558 Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to subvert Kerberos authentication by stealing or forging Kerberos tickets to enable [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-5083Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40920Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40931Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40918Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2026-9692Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2026-3256Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40924Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40919Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2026-9733Shared CWE-338, CWE-340
CVE-2025-40923Shared CWE-338, CWE-340

Affected Assets

grichter
apache\
\

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 9 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V7.2.3
  • V11.5.1
  • V11.3.4

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Requiring specific approved cryptography for protection directly mandates use of strong PRNGs instead of weak ones.

Developer testing and evaluation can discover predictable number generation through targeted analysis or fuzzing of identifier creation routines.

Cryptographic key establishment and management mandates proper entropy and randomness during generation, directly stopping predictable identifiers at the source.

Authenticator management requires secure initial distribution and handling of authenticators, structurally preventing predictable values from being usable.

Engineering principles applied during design and development include selection of cryptographically strong random number generation.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices explicitly require cryptographically strong RNG selection and usage in security contexts.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Mandates use of approved cryptographic controls, directly requiring cryptographically strong RNGs.

finds

Security testing can detect use of weak random number generators.

prevents

Secure SDLC processes should catch weak PRNG usage during design and code review.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify cryptographically strong random number generation.

prevents

Secure engineering principles include selection of appropriate cryptographic primitives.

prevents

Secure coding standards prohibit use of weak PRNGs in security contexts.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (3 rules)
  • V-248524 OL 8 must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: To provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-340
  • V-248563 The OL 8 SSH server must be configured to use strong entropy. prevents CWE-338
  • V-248600 OL 8 must have the packages required to use the hardware random number generator entropy gatherer service. prevents CWE-340
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204497 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect data requiring data-at-rest protections in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-340
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
  • V-230253 RHEL 8 must ensure the SSH server uses strong entropy. prevents CWE-338
  • V-244527 RHEL 8 must have the packages required to use the hardware random number generator entropy gatherer service. prevents CWE-340
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260650 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography to protect classified information and for the following: To provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. prevents CWE-338

References