Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-4384

Published
06 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 6.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:X/RE:M/U:Green
EPSS Score 0.0013 3th percentile
Risk Priority 32 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-4384 is a medium-severity Improper Validation of Certificate Expiration (CWE-298) vulnerability in Pcvue (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 6.0 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Subvert Trust Controls (T1553); ranked at the 3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A07:2025 Authentication Failures

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The MQTT add-on of PcVue fails to verify that a remote device’s certificate has not already expired or has not yet become valid. This allows malicious devices to present certificates that are not rejected properly. The use of a client…

more

certificate reduces the risk for random devices to take advantage of this flaw.

CWE(s)
CWE-298

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1553 Subvert Trust Controls Defense Impairment
Adversaries may undermine security controls that will either warn users of untrusted activity or prevent execution of untrusted programs.
attack.mitre.org →
T1553.002 Code Signing Defense Impairment
Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools.
attack.mitre.org →
T1649 Steal or Forge Authentication Certificates Credential Access
Adversaries may steal or forge certificates used for authentication to access remote systems or resources.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-1248Shared CWE-298
CVE-2025-59036Shared CWE-298
CVE-2025-67109Shared CWE-298
CVE-2025-67108Shared CWE-298
CVE-2023-42446Shared CWE-298

Affected Assets

Pcvue
—
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 4 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

—

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

IA-5 Authenticator Management partial match

Authenticator management requires proper issuance, distribution, and lifecycle handling of certificates used for authentication, directly stopping expiration validation omissions.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 partial match
prevents

Proper authentication of services/hardware requires certificate validation including expiration checks.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect missing certificate expiration checks but does not constitute the control's full intent.

A.8.24 Use of cryptography partial match
prevents

Cryptography policy requires proper certificate lifecycle management including expiration validation.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding practices can include certificate validation checks but do not address the control's broader scope.

A.8.5 Secure authentication partial match
prevents

Secure authentication mandates validation of certificate attributes such as expiration dates.

References