CVE-2025-46645
Published: 09 January 2026
Summary
CVE-2025-46645 is a medium-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Dell Data Domain Operating System. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 6.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-46645 is an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command, classified as an OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78), affecting Dell PowerProtect Data Domain systems running Data Domain Operating System (DD OS). The vulnerable versions include Feature Release releases from 7.7.1.0 through 8.4.0.0, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.10, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.40, and LTS2023 release versions 7.10.1.0 through 7.10.1.70. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H), indicating medium severity with high integrity and availability impacts but no confidentiality impact.
A high-privileged attacker with remote network access can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary command execution on the affected Data Domain system, potentially allowing the attacker to alter system behavior, disrupt operations, or perform other malicious actions within the privileges of the exploited account.
Dell Security Advisory DSA-2025-415 provides details on a security update addressing CVE-2025-46645 and multiple other vulnerabilities in PowerProtect Data Domain. Security practitioners should consult the advisory at https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000405813/dsa-2025-415-security-update-for-dell-powerprotect-data-domain-multiple-vulnerabilities for patch information and mitigation guidance.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-1711
Vulnerability details
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.4.0.0, LTS2025 release version 8.3.1.10, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.40, LTS 2023 release versions 7.10.1.0 through 7.10.1.70, contain an Improper Neutralization of…
more
Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Command execution.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
OS command injection vulnerability enables remote exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190) leading directly to arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1059.004) on the affected system.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly requires validation and neutralization of untrusted input containing OS command metacharacters, blocking the CWE-78 injection vector before commands execute.
Mandates timely application of vendor patches that remediate the OS command-injection flaw in the affected DD OS versions.
Limits the set of privileged accounts that can reach the vulnerable remote command interface, reducing the population able to exploit the flaw.