Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-48952

Netalertx ≤ 25.6.7

Public PoC
Published
04 July 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0050 40th percentile
Risk Priority 69 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-48952 is a critical-severity Incorrect Comparison (CWE-697) vulnerability in Netalertx Netalertx. Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Obfuscated Files or Information (T1027); ranked at the 40th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and AC-25 (Reference Monitor) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

NetAlertX is a network, presence scanner, and alert framework. Prior to version 25.6.7, a vulnerability in the authentication logic allows users to bypass password verification using SHA-256 magic hashes, due to loose comparison in PHP. In vulnerable versions of the…

more

application, a password comparison is performed using the `==` operator at line 40 in front/index.php. This introduces a security issue where specially crafted "magic hash" values that evaluate to true in a loose comparison can bypass authentication. Because of the use of `==` instead of the strict `===`, different strings that begin with 0e and are followed by only digits can be interpreted as scientific notation (i.e., zero) and treated as equal. This issue falls under the Login Bypass vulnerability class. Users with certain "weird" passwords that produce magic hashes are particularly affected. Services relying on this logic are at risk of unauthorized access. Version 25.6.7 fixes the vulnerability.

CWE(s)
CWE-697

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information Stealth
Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit.
attack.mitre.org →
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-48766Same product: Netalertx Netalertx
CVE-2024-46506Same product: Netalertx Netalertx
CVE-2025-32440Same product: Netalertx Netalertx
CVE-2024-39534Shared CWE-697
CVE-2023-23766Shared CWE-697
CVE-2025-12192Shared CWE-697
CVE-2023-46009Shared CWE-697
CVE-2023-33225Shared CWE-697
CVE-2024-24621Shared CWE-697
CVE-2023-49994Shared CWE-697

Affected Assets

netalertx
netalertx
≤ 25.6.7

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and evaluation directly exercises security-relevant comparisons to discover incorrect logic.

AC-25 Reference Monitor partial match

A reference monitor must be small and correct, structurally limiting the chance of flawed comparison logic in authorization decisions.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Security engineering principles require correct implementation of comparison logic used for access and authentication decisions.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly require correct logic for security comparisons and thereby prevent this class of flaw.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect incorrect comparison flaws before deployment.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle includes code review and testing that can catch incorrect comparison logic.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can mandate correct comparison logic for security decisions.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles can require robust comparison mechanisms for access decisions.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly address avoiding incorrect comparison operators and logic.

A.8.5 Secure authentication partial match
degrades

Secure authentication mechanisms rely on correct comparison of credentials or tokens.

References