Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-49149

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 17 June 2025

Published
17 June 2025
Modified
01 August 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v4 5.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0020 41.7th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49149 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Langgenius Dify. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique JavaScript (T1059.007); ranked at the 41.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms risk domain.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Dify is an open-source LLM app development platform. In version 1.2.0, there is insufficient filtering of user input by web applications. Attackers can use website vulnerabilities to inject malicious script code into web pages. This may result in a cross-site…

more

scripting (XSS) attack when a user browses these web pages. At time of posting, there is no known patched version.

CWE(s)
CWE-79

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
Other ATLAS/OWASP Terms
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: dify, llm

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.007 JavaScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1555.003 Credentials from Web Browsers Credential Access
Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Stored XSS vulnerability enables injection and execution of malicious JavaScript in users' browsers (T1059.007, T1190), facilitating theft of web session cookies (T1539) and browser credentials (T1555.003).

Affected Assets

langgenius
dify
1.2.0

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

CA-8 Penetration Testing
addresses: CWE-79

Penetration testing submits XSS payloads to web applications, detecting cross-site scripting flaws for subsequent remediation.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-79

Validates web inputs to reject script-related content that could produce XSS.

SI-15 Information Output Filtering
addresses: CWE-79

Output validation against expected content can reject or sanitize script content in generated web pages, reducing XSS exploitability.

References