Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-52988

High

Published: 11 July 2025

Published
11 July 2025
Modified
23 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 8.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:U/V:X/RE:M/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0011 28.2th percentile
Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-52988 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Juniper Junos. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, ranked at the 28.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a high privileged, local attacker to escalated their privileges to root. When…

more

a user provides specifically crafted arguments to the 'request system logout' command, these will be executed as root on the shell, which can completely compromise the device. This issue affects: Junos OS: * all versions before 21.2R3-S9, * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S8, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6, * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S6, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S1, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2; Junos OS Evolved: * all versions before 22.4R3-S6-EVO, * 23.2-EVO versions before 23.2R2-S1-EVO, * 23.4-EVO versions before 23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

juniper
junos
21.2, 21.4, 22.2, 22.3, 22.4 · ≤ 21.2
juniper
junos os evolved
22.4, 23.2, 23.4 · ≤ 22.4

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References