Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-53927

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 17 July 2025

Published
17 July 2025
Modified
02 August 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 4.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0018 38.9th percentile
Risk Priority 9 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-53927 is a medium-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Maxkb Maxkb. Its CVSS base score is 4.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Python (T1059.006); ranked at the 38.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Enterprise AI Assistants; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Prior to version 2.0.0, the sandbox design rules can be bypassed because MaxKB only restricts the execution permissions of files in a specific directory. Therefore, an attacker can use the `shutil.copy2` method…

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in Python to copy the command they want to execute to the executable directory. This bypasses directory restrictions and reverse shell. Version 2.0.0 fixes the issue.

CWE(s)
CWE-94

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Enterprise AI Assistants
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: ai

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability allows sandbox bypass via Python shutil.copy2 to copy executable commands to permitted directories, enabling Python-based command execution (T1059.006), exploitation for privilege escalation (T1068), and defense evasion (T1211) leading to reverse shell.

Affected Assets

maxkb
maxkb
≤ 2.0.0

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-34 Non-modifiable Executable Programs
addresses: CWE-94

Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.

SC-44 Detonation Chambers
addresses: CWE-94

Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-94

Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.

SI-16 Memory Protection
addresses: CWE-94

Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.

References