Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-55184

RCE in Vercel Next.Js 13.3.0 – 14.2.35

Published
11 December 2025
Modified
15 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.67 99.2th percentile
Risk Priority 82 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-55184 is a high-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Vercel Next.Js. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 0.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A pre-authentication denial of service vulnerability exists in React Server Components versions 19.0.0, 19.0.1, 19.1.0, 19.1.1, 19.1.2, 19.2.0 and 19.2.1, including the packages react-server-dom-parcel, react-server-dom-turbopack, and react-server-dom-webpack. The vulnerable code unsafely deserializes payloads from HTTP requests to Server Function endpoints, which can cause an infinite loop that hangs the server process and may prevent future HTTP requests from being served. The flaw is tracked as CWE-502 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue by sending crafted requests to the affected Server Function endpoints, achieving denial of service through server process hangs without any authentication or user interaction required.

Public advisories addressing the vulnerability are published at https://react.dev/blog/2025/12/11/denial-of-service-and-source-code-exposure-in-react-server-components, https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2025-55184, and https://github.com/KingHacker353/CVE-2025-55184. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at 0.4124 with no material rise observed.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A pre-authentication denial of service vulnerability exists in React Server Components versions 19.0.0, 19.0.1 19.1.0, 19.1.1, 19.1.2, 19.2.0 and 19.2.1, including the following packages: react-server-dom-parcel, react-server-dom-turbopack, and react-server-dom-webpack. The vulnerable code unsafely deserializes payloads from HTTP requests to Server Function…

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endpoints, which can cause an infinite loop that hangs the server process and may prevent future HTTP requests from being served.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-55182Same product: Facebook React
CVE-2025-67779Same product: Facebook React
CVE-2025-55183Same product: Facebook React
CVE-2026-23864Same product: Facebook React
CVE-2025-55173Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2024-34351Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-64649Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2025-49826Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-29057Same product: Vercel Next.Js
CVE-2026-44578Same product: Vercel Next.Js

Affected Assets

facebook
react
19.0.0 — 19.0.2 · 19.1.0 — 19.1.3 · 19.2.0 — 19.2.2
vercel
next.js
15.6.0, 16.1.0 · 13.3.0 — 14.2.35 · 15.0.0 — 15.0.7 · 15.1.0 — 15.1.11

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can uncover deserialization flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops deserialization of untrusted data by ensuring inputs are valid before processing.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 none match
prevents

PR.PS-02 addresses only post-deployment updates/patching and cannot prevent introduction of unsafe deserialization code, yet it can remediate some instances when the flaw exists in outdated libraries or components.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

finds

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References