Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59417

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 18 September 2025

Published
18 September 2025
Modified
25 September 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 6.8 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0022 44.8th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59417 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Lobehub Lobe Chat. Its CVSS base score is 6.8 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique SVG Smuggling (T1027.017); ranked at the 44.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as LLM Application Platforms; in the LLM/Generative AI Risks risk domain.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Lobe Chat is an open-source artificial intelligence chat framework. Prior to version 1.129.4, there is a a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability when handling chat message in lobe-chat that can be escalated to remote code execution on the user’s machine. In…

more

lobe-chat, when the response from the server is like <lobeArtifact identifier="ai-new-interpretation" ...> , it will be rendered with the lobeArtifact node, instead of the plain text. However, when the type of the lobeArtifact is image/svg+xml , it will be rendered as the SVGRender component, which internally uses dangerouslySetInnerHTML to set the content of the svg, resulting in XSS attack. Any party capable of injecting content into chat messages, such as hosting a malicious page for prompt injection, operating a compromised MCP server, or leveraging tool integrations, can exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.129.4.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
LLM Application Platforms
Risk Domain
LLM/Generative AI Risks
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: ai, artificial intelligence, mcp, prompt injection

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1027.017 SVG Smuggling Stealth
Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign SVG files.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability allows XSS via malicious SVG artifacts (image/svg+xml) in chat messages rendered with dangerouslySetInnerHTML, facilitating SVG Smuggling (T1027.017) and exploitation for client execution leading to RCE (T1203).

Affected Assets

lobehub
lobe chat
≤ 1.129.4

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-79

Penetration testing submits XSS payloads to web applications, detecting cross-site scripting flaws for subsequent remediation.

addresses: CWE-79

Validates web inputs to reject script-related content that could produce XSS.

addresses: CWE-79

Output validation against expected content can reject or sanitize script content in generated web pages, reducing XSS exploitability.

References