Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59783

HighRCE

Published: 04 March 2026

Published
04 March 2026
Modified
05 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 8.8 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0086 53.8th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59783 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in 2N Access Commander. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 46.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-59783 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting the API endpoint for user synchronization in 2N Access Commander version 3.4.1. The issue arises from insufficient input validation, which allows malicious input to be processed as operating system commands. Published on 2026-03-04, it has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity with network accessibility and significant impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Exploitation requires an attacker to first authenticate with administrator privileges on the affected system. Once authenticated, the attacker can inject and execute arbitrary OS commands remotely with low complexity and no user interaction required, potentially compromising the entire system.

The vendor has published an advisory with mitigation details, including a patch for 2N Access Commander version 3.5, available at https://www.2n.com/en-GB/download/cve_2025_59783_acom_3_5_v1pdf. Security practitioners should apply this update promptly to affected installations.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

API endpoint for user synchronization in 2N Access Commander version 3.4.1 did not have a sufficient input validation allowing for OS command injection. This vulnerability can only be exploited after authenticating with administrator privileges.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Why these techniques?

OS command injection in network-accessible API endpoint directly enables remote arbitrary command execution (T1059) via public-facing application exploitation (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-59785Same product: 2N Access Commander
CVE-2025-59784Same product: 2N Access Commander
CVE-2025-59786Same product: 2N Access Commander
CVE-2026-28470Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-69269Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-24971Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-22553Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-22901Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-1345Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-6349Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

2n
access commander
≤ 3.4.2

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of all inputs to the user-synchronization API endpoint, blocking the malicious payloads that produce OS command injection.

prevent

Mandates prompt application of the vendor patch that eliminates the insufficient-input-validation flaw in version 3.4.1.

prevent

Limits the number of accounts that possess the administrator privileges required to reach and exploit the vulnerable endpoint.

References