Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-61934

Published
23 October 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0062 47th percentile
Risk Priority 46 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-61934 is a critical-severity Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address (CWE-1327) vulnerability in Automationdirect (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-61934 is a binding to an unrestricted IP address vulnerability (CWE-1327) discovered in Productivity Suite software version v4.4.1.19, specifically affecting the ProductivityService PLC simulator. Published on 2025-10-23T22:15:48.710, it carries a maximum CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity with network accessibility, low complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and scope change.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network to interact directly with the ProductivityService PLC simulator, enabling read, write, or delete access to arbitrary files and folders on the target machine. This grants comprehensive file system manipulation, potentially leading to full system compromise, data exfiltration, persistence, or disruption of industrial control operations.

Mitigation details are outlined in related advisories, including CISA ICSA-25-296-01 (https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-296-01 and https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-296-01.json), AutomationDirect security considerations (https://support.automationdirect.com/docs/securityconsiderations.pdf), and software downloads (https://www.automationdirect.com/support/software-downloads). Practitioners should consult these for patching instructions and configuration guidance.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A binding to an unrestricted IP address vulnerability was discovered in Productivity Suite software version v4.4.1.19. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to interact with the ProductivityService PLC simulator and read, write, or delete arbitrary files and folders on…

more

the target machine

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-49382Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2026-42503Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2024-36105Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2026-24015Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2024-49383Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2023-1968Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2025-55322Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2026-47873Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2025-11538Shared CWE-1327
CVE-2026-28395Shared CWE-1327

Affected Assets

Automationdirect
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Establishes the most restrictive configuration settings, which would require binding only to specific addresses rather than 0.0.0.0.

Enforces approved information flow policies that would disallow unrestricted remote bindings.

Enforces least functionality by prohibiting unnecessary network exposure such as unrestricted listening addresses.

Requires control of communications at external and key internal interfaces, preventing binding that accepts traffic from any source.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 full match
prevents

Configuration management enforces restricted bind addresses, covering the weakness completely but only one aspect of overall hardening.

PR.IR-01 mostly match
prevents

Network protection controls directly prevent exposure via unrestricted binds while fixing the weakness addresses only one vector of unauthorized access.

ID.AM-03 partial match
prevents

Documenting authorized network flows informs correct bind decisions and reduces the chance of 0.0.0.0 usage.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Security of network services includes hardening service bindings to prevent exposure on all interfaces.

prevents

Secure architecture principles discourage exposing services on all interfaces, though the control is broader than this single weakness.

mitigates

Network security controls directly require restricting listening interfaces to specific addresses rather than 0.0.0.0.

mitigates

Network segregation can limit the blast radius of an unrestricted binding but does not prevent the binding itself.

prevents

Secure coding guidance can catch hard-coded 0.0.0.0 bindings during development but is not the primary mitigation.

References