Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-62409

Memory Safety in Envoyproxy Envoy ≤ 1.33.11

Published
16 October 2025
Modified
29 October 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 6.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0043 35th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-62409 is a medium-severity NULL Pointer Dereference (CWE-476) vulnerability in Envoyproxy Envoy. Its CVSS base score is 6.6 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Envoy is a cloud-native, open source edge and service proxy. Prior to 1.36.1, 1.35.5, 1.34.9, and 1.33.10, large requests and responses can potentially trigger TCP connection pool crashes due to flow control management in Envoy. It will happen when the…

more

connection is closing but upstream data is still coming, resulting in a buffer watermark callback nullptr reference. The vulnerability impacts TCP proxy and HTTP 1 & 2 mixed use cases based on ALPN. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.36.1, 1.35.5, 1.34.9, and 1.33.10.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

Insufficient information to map techniques.
Confidence: LOW · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-47220Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2024-23327Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2026-47204Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2025-64527Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2026-47221Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2024-45809Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2024-53270Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2023-27488Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2026-26330Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy
CVE-2026-26310Same product: Envoyproxy Envoy

Affected Assets

envoyproxy
envoy
1.36.0 · ≤ 1.33.11 · 1.34.0 — 1.34.9 · 1.35.0 — 1.35.5

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SC-5 Denial-of-service Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-4 System Monitoring
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires timely application of vendor patches that eliminate the nullptr dereference in Envoy's TCP/HTTP flow-control path.

prevent

Limits the size/rate of requests and responses that can trigger the connection-pool crash during ALPN-based mixed HTTP/TCP proxying.

detect

Enables continuous monitoring of Envoy process health and connection-pool events to identify crash conditions caused by the watermark-callback flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (static analysis, code review, safe coding standards) directly prevent NULL dereference bugs during development.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect NULL dereference defects before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates defensive coding practices that can prevent NULL dereferences.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify input validation and pointer-safety rules.

prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage defensive design that avoids unsafe pointer use.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly require NULL-pointer checks and safe dereference patterns.

References