Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-62521

RCE in Churchcrm ≤ 5.21.0

Public PoCRCE
Published
17 December 2025
Modified
18 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.031 87th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-62521 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Churchcrm Churchcrm. Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 13% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-62521 is a pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability affecting ChurchCRM, an open-source church management system, in versions prior to 5.21.0. The flaw resides in the setup wizard at `setup/routes/setup.php`, where user input from the setup form is directly concatenated into a PHP configuration template without validation or sanitization. This allows arbitrary PHP code injection into `Include/Config.php`, which is subsequently executed on every page load, earning a maximum CVSS v3.1 score of 10.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) and mapping to CWE-94 (Code Injection).

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this during the initial installation process, which administrators must complete without credentials. By submitting malicious PHP code in any setup form parameter, attackers achieve full server compromise, as the injected code persists and executes persistently across the application.

The GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-m8jq-j3p9-2xf3) confirms that ChurchCRM version 5.21.0 addresses the issue with a patch, recommending immediate upgrades for all prior installations.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. Prior to version 5.21.0, a pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability in ChurchCRM's setup wizard allows unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary PHP code during the initial installation process, leading to complete server compromise. The…

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vulnerability exists in `setup/routes/setup.php` where user input from the setup form is directly concatenated into a PHP configuration template without any validation or sanitization. Any parameter in the setup form can be used to inject PHP code that gets written to `Include/Config.php`, which is then executed on every page load. This is more severe than typical authenticated RCE vulnerabilities because it requires no credentials and affects the installation process that administrators must complete. Version 5.21.0 patches the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
T1059.006 Python Execution
Adversaries may abuse Python commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-39337Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2025-11938Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2026-35534Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2025-68109Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2026-35573Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2026-39331Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2026-39330Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2024-25893Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2023-29842Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm
CVE-2023-38769Same product: Churchcrm Churchcrm

Affected Assets

churchcrm
churchcrm
≤ 5.21.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

none

Controls that restrict unauthorized or malicious code from being introduced via external networks or removable media limit opportunities for an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary code.

References