Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-62523

Thm Pilos ≤ 4.8.0

Published
27 October 2025
Modified
04 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0019 9th percentile
Risk Priority 47 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-62523 is a medium-severity Permissive Cross-domain Security Policy with Untrusted Domains (CWE-942) vulnerability in Thm Pilos. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Drive-by Compromise (T1189); ranked at the 9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SC-7 (Boundary Protection) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

PILOS (Platform for Interactive Live-Online Seminars) is a frontend for BigBlueButton. PILOS before 4.8.0 includes a Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) misconfiguration in its middleware: it reflects the Origin request header back in the Access-Control-Allow-Origin response header without proper validation or…

more

a whitelist, while Access-Control-Allow-Credentials is set to true. This behavior could allow a malicious website on a different origin to send requests (including credentials) to the PILOS API. This may enable exfiltration or actions using the victim’s credentials if the server accepts those cross-origin requests as authenticated. Laravel’s session handling applies additional origin checks such that cross-origin requests are not authenticated by default. Because of these session-origin protections, and in the absence of any other unknown vulnerabilities that would bypass Laravel’s origin/session checks, this reflected-Origin CORS misconfiguration is not believed to be exploitable in typical PILOS deployments. This vulnerability has been patched in PILOS in v4.8.0

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to position themselves between two or more networked devices using an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) technique to support follow-on behaviors such as [Network Sniffing](https://attack.
T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-62781Same product: Thm Pilos
CVE-2026-22800Same product: Thm Pilos
CVE-2023-47107Same product: Thm Pilos
CVE-2025-62524Same product: Thm Pilos
CVE-2025-13984Shared CWE-942
CVE-2025-55274Shared CWE-942
CVE-2026-34449Shared CWE-942
CVE-2024-23578Shared CWE-942
CVE-2026-10056Shared CWE-942
CVE-2026-46431Shared CWE-942

Affected Assets

thm
pilos
≤ 4.8.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V3.4.3
  • V3.4.6
  • V3.5.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Information flow enforcement requires approved authorizations and would reject policies permitting untrusted domains.

Boundary protection at external interfaces stops unauthorized cross-domain communication allowed by permissive policies.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines and reviews directly prevent permissive CSP or cross-domain policies.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC activities include review and testing of web security policies to avoid untrusted domains.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can surface permissive policy misconfigurations.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect overly permissive cross-domain policies but does not prevent their initial introduction.

degrades

Network security policies can restrict cross-domain communication but do not specifically mandate strict CSP or cross-domain policy configuration.

degrades

Security of network services includes defining allowed endpoints, which can limit untrusted domains but does not directly address web-client policy files.

degrades

Web filtering can block untrusted domains at the network level, partially mitigating permissive cross-domain policies.

prevents

Application security requirements should specify secure CSP and cross-domain policy settings, directly addressing the weakness.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include defining trust boundaries, which can reduce permissive cross-domain allowances.

References