CVE-2025-63362
Waveshare Rs232\/485 To Wifi Eth \(B\) Firmware 3.1.1.0
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2025-63362 is a critical-severity Unverified Password Change (CWE-620) vulnerability in Waveshare Rs232\/485 To Wifi Eth \(B\) Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Manipulation (T1098); ranked at the 45th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-11 (Re-authentication) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-63362 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in the Waveshare RS232/485 TO WIFI ETH (B) Serial to Ethernet/Wi-Fi Gateway, specifically affecting Firmware V3.1.1.0, Hardware version 4.3.2.1, and Webpage V7.04T.07.002880.0301. The flaw, mapped to CWE-620 (Unverified Password Change), enables attackers to set the Administrator username and password to blank values, effectively circumventing authentication controls. Published on 2025-12-04, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), highlighting its severe potential impact.
The vulnerability can be exploited by any remote attacker with network access to the device's web interface, requiring no privileges, user interaction, or special conditions due to its low attack complexity. Successful exploitation allows attackers to gain unauthorized administrative access, potentially leading to full compromise of the gateway's configuration, data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Advisories and additional details are available in the referenced sources: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGv9KWMTB71NJfIOncuNO6FyK0UAqxmL/view?usp=sharing and https://otsecverse.github.io/OTSecVerse/posts/Post-2/. Practitioners should consult these for specific mitigation guidance, such as firmware updates or configuration hardening.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-201260
Vulnerability Data
Waveshare RS232/485 TO WIFI ETH (B) Serial to Ethernet/Wi-Fi Gateway Firmware V3.1.1.0: HW 4.3.2.1: Webpage V7.04T.07.002880.0301 allows attackers to set the Administrator password and username as blank values, allowing attackers to bypass authentication.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Re-authentication explicitly requires users to prove identity before performing sensitive actions such as password changes.
Authenticator management requires identity verification during password distribution and changes, directly stopping unverified password updates.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Requires secure management of authentication information, directly addressing the need to verify the original password before allowing a change.
Mandates secure authentication mechanisms, which include verifying existing credentials before permitting password changes.