CVE-2025-65805
Published: 07 January 2026
Summary
CVE-2025-65805 is a high-severity Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121) vulnerability in Openairinterface Oai-Cn5G-Amf. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 31.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-65805 is a buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-121) in the OpenAirInterface CN5G AMF component, affecting versions up to and including v2.1.9. The flaw occurs during processing of NAS messages, where insufficient bounds checking allows overly long inputs to overflow buffers. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), indicating high severity primarily due to availability impacts.
Unauthorized remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability by connecting to port N1 and sending a specially crafted NAS message containing an IMSI string longer than 1000 characters to the AMF. Successful exploitation enables a denial-of-service condition by crashing the service, with potential for remote code execution depending on the attacker's control over the overflow.
Mitigation details and further technical analysis are available in the vulnerability report at https://github.com/swallele/Vulnerability/blob/main/Openairinterface/Buffer_Overflow/Vulnerability_Report.md, published alongside the CVE on 2026-01-07.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-1204
Vulnerability details
OpenAirInterface CN5G AMF<=v2.1.9 has a buffer overflow vulnerability in processing NAS messages. Unauthorized remote attackers can launch a denial-of-service attack and potentially execute malicious code by accessing port N1 and sending an imsi string longer than 1000 to AMF.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Remote buffer overflow in public-facing AMF (NAS over N1) enables T1190 exploitation and T1499.004 application DoS (crash); RCE potential noted but secondary.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly requires identification, reporting, and correction of the buffer overflow flaw in AMF's NAS message processing to eliminate the vulnerability.
Mandates bounds checking and validation of NAS message inputs like IMSI strings longer than 1000 characters to prevent buffer overflows.
Provides memory safeguards such as stack canaries, ASLR, and DEP to block unauthorized code execution from the buffer overflow exploit.