CVE-2025-67165
Published: 17 December 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-67165 is a critical-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Pagekit Pagekit. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 34.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-67165 is an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability, mapped to CWE-639, affecting Pagekit CMS version 1.0.18. Published on 2025-12-17, it enables attackers to escalate privileges through improper handling of direct object references within the CMS.
The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), making it exploitable by unauthenticated attackers over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows privilege escalation, granting high-impact access to confidential data (C:H), integrity modifications (I:H), and availability disruptions (A:H) without changing the scope.
Mitigation details and further analysis are available in the referenced advisories, including the vulnerability research repository at https://github.com/mbiesiad/vulnerability-research/tree/main/CVE-2025-67165, Pagekit documentation on user permissions (https://github.com/pagekit/docs/blob/develop/user-interface/users.md#permissions) and roles (https://github.com/pagekit/docs/blob/develop/user-interface/users.md#roles), and the official Pagekit repository (https://github.com/pagekit/pagekit).
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-203905
Vulnerability details
An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) in Pagekit CMS v1.0.18 allows attackers to escalate privileges.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
CVE-2025-67165 is an IDOR in a public-facing CMS exploitable unauthenticated remotely (T1190), enabling privilege escalation via software vulnerability exploitation (T1068).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
AC-3 enforces approved authorizations for access to information and resources, directly preventing IDOR exploitation by requiring validation of direct object references against user privileges in Pagekit CMS.
AC-6 applies least privilege to restrict user access to only necessary permissions, mitigating privilege escalation resulting from the IDOR vulnerability.
SI-10 validates inputs such as object IDs, reducing the risk of manipulation leading to unauthorized privilege escalation via IDOR in the CMS.