Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-67734

XSS in Frappe Learning 2.0.0 – 2.42.0

Published
12 December 2025
Modified
16 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 5.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0014 4th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-67734 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Frappe Learning. Its CVSS base score is 5.1 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Keylogging (T1056.001); ranked at the 4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Frappe Learning Management System (LMS) is a learning system that helps users structure their content. Versions prior to 2.42.0 allowed authenticated attackers to enter JavaScript through the Company Website field of the Job Form, exposing users to an XSS attack.…

more

The script could then be executed in the browsers of users who opened the malicious job posting. This issue is fixed in version 2.42.0.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1056.001 Keylogging Collection
Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them.
T1056.002 GUI Input Capture Collection
Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt.
T1115 Clipboard Data Collection
Adversaries may collect data stored in the clipboard from users copying information within or between applications.
T1217 Browser Information Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may enumerate information about browsers to learn more about compromised environments.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
T1555.003 Credentials from Web Browsers Credential Access
Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.
Why these techniques?

Stored XSS in Job Form's Company Website field enables arbitrary JavaScript execution in browsers of viewing users, facilitating keylogging, GUI input/clipboard capture, browser information discovery, web session cookie theft, and browser credential theft.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-5555Same product: Frappe Learning
CVE-2023-46127Same vendor: Frappe
CVE-2023-6461Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5842Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5890Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5343Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5302Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5891Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-6710Shared CWE-79
CVE-2023-5861Shared CWE-79

Affected Assets

frappe
learning
2.0.0 — 2.42.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SI-15 Information Output Filtering
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-3 Malicious Code Protection
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly blocks script injection by validating the Company Website field input before storage or rendering in job postings.

prevent

Filters or encodes output of the Job Form field so that JavaScript entered by an attacker cannot execute in other users' browsers.

preventdetect

Detects and blocks malicious script payloads that could be introduced via the vulnerable job posting form.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly target introduction of XSS via coding standards/testing (mostly), yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors unaddressed (partial).

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching and EOL replacement can remediate known XSS instances in libraries or frameworks (partial) but do nothing to enforce input neutralization in application code (none).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Secure-coding testing and automated code-analysis tools are applied to detect improper neutralization of script-related content during web-page generation.

prevents

Knowledge exchange on emerging attack techniques and patches reduces the likelihood that cross-site scripting flaws remain unaddressed in deployed applications.

prevents

Operational indicators of compromise for web-application attacks can be incorporated into WAF or input-filtering rules, lowering the likelihood that unsanitized data reaches the browser.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure-coding standards and automated scanning during the SDLC catches missing output encoding or improper neutralization of untrusted data before the software reaches production.

prevents

Secure-coding standards, SAST scans and removal of insecure code samples together eliminate the failure to neutralize script content that produces cross-site scripting flaws.

none

Webpage malware scanning and block-listing of known malicious sites reduce the likelihood that reflected or stored script payloads reach a user’s browser.

References