Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-9824

Published
03 September 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 5.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0028 21th percentile
Risk Priority 45 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-9824 is a medium-severity Observable Response Discrepancy (CWE-204) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 5.9 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Discovery (T1087); ranked at the 21th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-6 (Authentication Feedback) and SI-11 (Error Handling) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

ImpactThe attacker can validate if a user exists by checking the time login returns. This timing difference can be used to enumerate valid usernames, after which an attacker could attempt brute force attacks. PatchesThis vulnerability has been patched, implementing a…

more

timing-safe form login authenticator that ensures consistent response times regardless of whether a user exists or not. Technical DetailsThe vulnerability was caused by different response times when: * A valid username was provided (password hashing occurred) * An invalid username was provided (no password hashing occurred) The fix introduces a TimingSafeFormLoginAuthenticator that performs a dummy password hash verification even for non-existent users, ensuring consistent timing. WorkaroundsNo workarounds are available. Users should upgrade to the patched version. References * https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/03-Identity_Management_Testing/04-Testing_for_Account_Enumeration_and_Guessable_User_Account

CWE(s)
CWE-204

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1087 Account Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.
attack.mitre.org →
T1087.001 Local Account Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1087.002 Domain Account Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1087.003 Email Account Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1087.004 Cloud Account Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-3092Shared CWE-204
CVE-2025-62512Shared CWE-204
CVE-2025-34155Shared CWE-204
CVE-2025-66307Shared CWE-204
CVE-2026-24097Shared CWE-204
CVE-2025-30280Shared CWE-204
CVE-2025-54129Shared CWE-204
CVE-2026-53908Shared CWE-204
CVE-2026-30876Shared CWE-204
CVE-2024-2482Shared CWE-204

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V13.4.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

IA-6 Authentication Feedback good match

Obscuring authentication feedback directly stops one common source of observable response discrepancies.

SI-11 Error Handling good match

Error handling explicitly requires messages that avoid revealing exploitable internal information.

AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement partial match

Information flow enforcement can block responses that would otherwise disclose internal state to unauthorized parties.

SC-7 Boundary Protection partial match

Boundary protection monitors and filters outbound responses that could leak internal state.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent introduction of inconsistent response behavior that leaks internal state.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect observable response discrepancies before deployment.

A.8.20 Networks security partial match
mitigates

Network security controls can enforce uniform responses and suppress observable discrepancies.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include error-handling and response standardization to avoid information disclosure.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements typically mandate consistent, non-revealing error messages.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles discourage designs that leak internal state via differing responses.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly require uniform error handling to prevent information leakage.

References